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The main technical characteristics of the ruby are shown below:
Classification: Mineral Category: Mineral Composition: Aluminiumchromium oxide Color/Spectrum: Red gamma Atomic (Crystal )Structure: Hexagonal Density (Relative): 2.65 - 2.68 Chemical formula: aluminium oxide with chromium, Al2O3::Cr Color: Red, may be brownish or purplish Crystal habit: Varies with locality. Terminated tabular hexagonal prisms Crystal Shape: Prizmatic Crystal system: Hexagonal Cleavage: No true cleavage Fracture: Uneven or conchoidal Mohs Scale hardness: 9.0 Molecular formula: Al2O3 Luster: Vitreous Refractive index: ~1.762-1.770 Pleochroism: Orangy Red, Purplish Red Streak: white Specific gravity: 4.0 Fusibility: perfectly Uses: Jewelry, ornamental
The major variety is pink sapphire Caused by a color impurity that makes the stone appear pink.
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